Paradox Of Thrift
The paradox of thrift is the observation, made famous by John Maynard Keynes, that what is individually rational—raising your savings during an economic downturn—can…
initialize: determine initial direction, EP, AF, initial PSAR
• The Parabolic SAR (stop and reverse, PSAR) is a trend‑following indicator developed by J. Welles Wilder that helps traders identify trend direction, possible…
Par Yield Curve
Key takeaways – The par yield curve is the schedule of coupon rates at which hypothetical coupon-bearing Treasuries of different maturities would trade at…
Paper Money
Paper money is government-issued currency in the form of banknotes (and, more broadly, any printed legal tender) used as a widely accepted medium of…
Painting The Tape
Painting the tape is a form of market manipulation in which one or more market participants deliberately execute trades in a security to create…
Paid Up Capital
Paid‑up capital (also called paid‑in capital or contributed capital) is the equity a company has received from shareholders in exchange for issued shares. It…
Paid Up Additional Insurance
Paid-up additional insurance (PUA) consists of small, fully paid parcels of whole life insurance that you purchase—usually with policy dividends—inside a participating whole life…
Paga
Overview Paga is a Nigerian mobile payments platform and digital wallet founded by Tayo Oviosu in 2009 and publicly launched in 2011. It enables…
Pac Man Defense
Key Takeaways – The Pac-Man defense is an aggressive anti-takeover tactic in which a target company attempts to acquire the hostile bidder, reversing roles…
P
Key takeaways – A p‑value quantifies how compatible the observed data are with a specified null hypothesis: it is the probability of obtaining results…