West Texas Intermediate Wti
Key takeaways – West Texas Intermediate (WTI) is a major U.S. crude oil grade and one of the world’s primary oil-price benchmarks (alongside Brent…
Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS)
Key takeaways – The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) is how much of one good a consumer will give up to obtain one more…
Upgrade
Key takeaways – An upgrade is when an analyst or credit rater improves their assessment of a security or issuer, typically signaling stronger fundamentals,…
Vanilla Strategy
Key takeaways – A “vanilla strategy” is a simple, low‑complexity approach—easy to describe and implement. – In investing, vanilla strategies favor diversified, low‑cost, buy‑and‑hold…
York Antwerp Rules
Key takeaways – The York–Antwerp Rules (YAR) are an internationally accepted set of rules for declaring and adjusting “general average” losses when property is…
Valued Marine Policy
• A valued marine policy is marine insurance that states a fixed, pre-agreed amount payable for the insured subject matter (e.g., hull, cargo) in…
positive pay
Positive pay is a bank-provided fraud-detection service that helps businesses prevent forged, altered, or counterfeit checks from being cashed against their accounts. The company…
Target Date Fund (TDF)
A target‑date fund is a “set it and forget it” investment vehicle that automatically changes its asset mix over time to match an investor’s…
Zzzz Best
ZZZZ Best was a carpet-cleaning and restoration company founded as a teen venture by Barry Minkow in the early 1980s. What looked like a…
Trailing Price To Earnings
Key takeaways – Trailing P/E = Current share price ÷ trailing 12‑month (TTM) earnings per share (EPS). It uses actual historical earnings, not forecasts.…