Variable Cost Plus Pricing

Variable cost-plus pricing is a cost-based pricing method in which a seller sets the selling price by adding a markup to the product’s variable…

Variable Benefit Plan

A variable benefit plan—also called a defined-contribution plan—is a retirement plan in which the final payout depends on how the plan’s investments perform. Common…

Variable Annuitization

• Variable annuitization converts the accumulated value of a variable annuity into a stream of periodic payments whose size fluctuates with the performance of…

Variability

Key takeaways – Variability describes how data points in a dataset spread around their average; in finance it usually refers to how investment returns…

Value At Risk Var

Key takeaways – Value at Risk (VaR) estimates the minimum loss a portfolio, position or firm is expected to suffer over a defined holding…

Vantagescore

VantageScore is a consumer credit-scoring model created by the three major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian and TransUnion) in 2006 as an alternative to the…

Vanishing Premium

A “vanishing premium” option in a permanent life insurance policy (commonly whole life) refers to the idea that future out‑of‑pocket premium payments will be…

Vandalism And Malicious Mischief Insurance

• Vandalism and malicious mischief (VMM) insurance covers deliberate physical damage to property caused by vandals; it’s commonly included in standard homeowner and commercial…

Value Averaging

Value averaging is a disciplined investing technique that sets a target portfolio value (or target growth path) for each contribution period and makes contributions…

Value Trap

Key takeaways – A value trap looks cheap by valuation multiples (P/E, P/CF, P/B) but is cheap for a reason: persistent business deterioration or…