Venn Diagram

• A Venn diagram is a visual tool that uses overlapping shapes (most commonly circles) to show relationships among two or more sets, highlighting…

Vendor Take Back Mortgage

A vendor take-back mortgage (VTB), also called a seller take-back, is a financing arrangement in which the seller of a property lends all or…

Vendor Financing

Vendor financing (also called trade credit) is when a seller (vendor) lends money to a buyer so the buyer can acquire that vendor’s goods…

Vendor

A vendor is an individual or business that sells goods or services to other parties. Vendors appear at many points in a supply chain:…

Vehicle Excise Duty

• Vehicle Excise Duty (VED), commonly called “vehicle tax” or “road tax,” is an annual tax levied on most vehicles that are driven or…

Vega Neutral

Vega neutral is an options risk-management approach that removes—or greatly reduces—an options portfolio’s sensitivity to changes in implied volatility (IV). Vega is one of…

Veblen Good

• A Veblen good is a product for which demand rises when its price rises because higher price increases its appeal as a status…

Venture Capital Funds

Venture capital (VC) funds are pooled private-equity investment vehicles that provide equity capital to startups and high‑growth companies. They attract money from institutional and…

Vault Receipt

A vault receipt (also called a warehouse or depository receipt in some contexts) is a legal document issued by a secured storage facility that…

Vasicek Interest Rate Model

The Vasicek model (Vasicek, 1977) is a single‑factor short‑rate model that describes the evolution of the instantaneous short interest rate r(t) as an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck…